Вьетнамын дайн дууссанаас хойших 50 жилийн дотор тус улс хөгжиж, ядуурлын түвшин 5%-д хүрчээ

Өнөөдөр буюу 04-р сарын 30-нд  Вьетнамын дайн дуусаж байжээ.

Францын колончлолын эсрэг дайнаас эхэлсэн энэхүү Вьетнамын дайны зөрчил нь 1955-1975 оны хооронд үргэлжилж, 20 шахам жил үргэлжилсэн 20-р зууны хамгийн урт цэрэг дайны мөргөлдөөнүүдийн нэг байв.

Уг дайн нь нийтдээ 3.8 сая хүний амийг авч одсон бөгөөд АНУ-ын дэмжлэгтэй Өмнөд Вьетнамын дэглэмийн ялагдал, Хойд болон Өмнөд Вьетнамын коммунист хүчний ялалтаар төгссөн юм.

#Вьетнам улс нь дайны дараах хүнд нөхцөлөөс хэрхэн эдийн засаг, нийгмийн үсрэнгүй хөгжилд хүрсэн бэ?

Дайны дараах хүнд үе буюу 1975 онд Вьетнам нэгдсэний дараа улс нь социалист тогтолцоонд шилжиж, төвлөрсөн төлөвлөгөөт эдийн засагтай болжээ.

Хүнс, эдийн засгийн хомсдол, инфляци өндөр байлаа.
ЗХУ болон Зүүн Европын орнуудаас эдийн засгийн тусламж авч байв.
Камбож, Хятадтай хийсэн зөрчил нь эдийн засагт улам дарамт болж байв.

1986 онд Коммунист нам Шинэчлэл-ийн эдийн засгийн либерал бодлого эхлүүлэв. Энэ нь хувийн өмчийг зөвшөөрөх, гадаад хөрөнгө оруулалтыг дэмжих, зах зээлийн зарчмыг хүлээн зөвшөөрөх, хөдөө аж ахуйд хамтралын системийг цуцлах зэрэг байжээ.

Энэ бодлого нь Хятадын “нэг улс, хоёр систем” санаачилгатай төстэй.

Вьетнам улс нь 1990-ээд оноос хойш жил бүр 6–8 %-ийн эдийн засгийн өсөлттэй явж ирсэн бөгөөд ДНБ нь 2000 онд 30 тэрбум ам.доллар байсан бол 2024 онд 480 тэрбум ам.доллар болжээ.

Үйлдвэржсэн орон болж, нэхмэл эдлэл, электроник, кофе, загас, будаагаа экспортлон, аялал жуулчлалыг тэргүүнд тавьж, гадаадын хөрөнгө оруулалтыг татаж Samsung, Intel зэрэг дэлхийн томоохон компаниуд үйлдвэрээ тус улсад байгуулжээ.

Ядуурлын түвшин 1990 онд 60% байсан бол одоо 5%-аас доош буурсан ба засгийн газраас нь боловсрол, дэд бүтцэд ихээхэн хөрөнгө оруулалт хийснээр эмнэлэг, дэд бүтэц, зам харилцаа сайжирч, цахим эдийн засаг, аялал жуулчлал, үйлдвэрлэл хурдацтай хөгжин дайнаас хойших 50 жилийн дотор үсрэнгүй хөгжсөн орон болжээ.

 

19 thoughts on “Вьетнамын дайн дууссанаас хойших 50 жилийн дотор тус улс хөгжиж, ядуурлын түвшин 5%-д хүрчээ

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